Soil is An Important Material for Plants

Soil is an important material basis for plants to survive, and it can provide crops with necessary water, fertilizer, heat, and air for growth. This is mainly because the composition of soil includes organic matter, minerals, soil air, moisture, and microorganisms. Among them, minerals are the most basic substances that can provide a variety of nutrients to plants. Among them, organic matter can not only provide nutrients to plants, but also play an important role in improving soil aggregate structure and physical and chemical properties, as well as water supply, water retention, temperature stabilization, and ventilation.

With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of science and technology, scientific soil testing and scientific fertilization have become a method advocated by large-scale agricultural planting. For soil testing, it is not only able to detect soil nutrients, there are many element indicators, and different soil testing instruments can be used to detect soil indicators, so as to provide scientific data support for agricultural planting and production, and its specific functions are as follows:

The monitoring of soil moisture

Less soil moisture will directly (reduce photosynthetic raw materials) or indirectly (stomata closure, enzyme inactivation, etc.) affect the decline of photosynthesis.The lack of water can also cause the death of crops, because the total volume of soil gaps is a certain amount, and this part of the volume is occupied by water and air.

Then when the water is too little, the water absorbed by the root system of the plant is insufficient, and the transpiration of the plant causes the plant to lose a lot of water, thus causing the plant to lose water and wither. When the soil is very deficient in water, it will cause soil compaction and cracks, and the tension generated by it will break the root system of the plant, which will lead to the death of the plant in severe cases. When there is too much water, the proportion of air is small, resulting in weakened aerobic respiration of the plant root system, and the plant root system is forced to turn to anaerobic respiration. When monitoring the soil moisture, the soil moisture sensor can be used to judge whether to irrigate or stop the irrigation 

in time through the data to ensure that the soil moisture is suitable for the good growth of crops.

The monitoring of soil temperature

A suitable soil temperature is conducive to the growth of plants, and a temperature that is too low or too high is not conducive to the growth of plants. The seeds of crops can only germinate within a suitable soil temperature range. Within a certain temperature range, the higher the soil temperature, the faster the growth and development of crops. Different plants have different requirements for temperature.By monitoring the soil temperature, the soil temperature can be kept within the suitable growth temperature range of crops, so as to ensure the increase of crop production and income.

Monitoring of soil pH

The growth of various plants has its own suitable soil pH, and most plants are difficult to grow normally when the pH is too high or too low. Some diseases can only occur within a certain PH value range, such as damping disease, which tends to occur easily on alkaline and neutral soils. Appropriate soil pH is helpful for the growth of agricultural crops and reducing pests and diseases, so it is necessary to monitor soil pH.

Monitoring of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Nitrogen is the main component of protein, plays an important role in the growth of stems and leaves and the development of fruits, and is the most closely related nutrient element to yield.Potassium can promote the robustness of plant stems, improve fruit quality, enhance plant cold resistance, and increase fruit sugar and vitamin C content. Like nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium deficiency symptoms first appear in old leaves. When potassium supply is insufficient, carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed, photosynthesis is inhibited, and respiration is enhanced.Therefore, when potassium is deficient, the plant's ability to resist stress is weakened, and it is susceptible to disease attack, and the fruit quality is reduced and the coloring is poor.